The county council has spent £12,000 replacing vandalised LTN bollards since they were introduced less than a month ago.

It said: "We remain committed to making safe and reinstating damaged filters - each time at significant cost to the taxpayer."

The LTNs trial was extended to the Divinity Road, St Clement's and St Mary's areas on May 20 with planters and bollards blocking some roads to all through traffic, apart from emergency and waste collection vehicles.

It has led to reports of vandalism, bollards being knocked down or pulled out of the ground.

Some residents have even acted as "human bollards" to try to stop traffic.

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Some people say they have made streets safer and more pleasant, but critics believe they displace traffic and have harmed local businesses.

Councillor Andrew Gant, Oxfordshire County Council’s cabinet member for highways management, urged people to give the East Oxford LTNs time to settle, but acknowledged some residents’ frustration at the changes.

He said: "The effect that cars have on our climate, combined with the levels of congestion we currently experience across the county, mean that the status quo is not an option."

He added: "Work is ongoing to monitor the progress of the measures and we will ensure that information about alternative routes is readily available.

“I would encourage people to give this time, work with us to make recommendations for improvements, and above all fill in the consultation survey so that your feedback is heard.

"These are experimental measures that are being trialled and we welcome all views to help us deliver the right outcome for our communities.”

The first LTNs were introduced in Church Cowley, Temple Cowley and Florence Park in March 2021. introduced in Church Cowley, Temple Cowley and Florence Park in March 2021.